Under the green goals of the carbon peak and carbon neutrality, understanding how to develop the economy with high quality is an important issue facing regional development. where \overline T, \overline P and W\overline Q are the air temperature, precipitation and water quality at any given time, respectively. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. Gao, D.; Li, S. Spatiotemporal impact of railway network in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on accessibility and economic linkages during 19842030. GDP shows a negative coefficient for T (T, turbidity). The most important geographical and topographical features of Greece were its mountainous terrain and its placement as a peninsula in the Mediterranean. Climate, transportation costs, diseases, and The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. Feature A comprehensive report prepared by EPA's Office of Research and Development entitled Connectivity of Streams and Wetlands to Downstream Waters: A Review and Synthesis of the Scientific Evidence (hereinafter, Science Report) in 2015 synthesized the peer-reviewed science. How does topography affect economic activities? Do topographic maps indicate changes in elevation? This study was carried out on major watersheds of the World. Sparta, on the other hand, was a monarchy, with a line of hereditary monarchs. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd Furthermore, these findings, in combination with spatial analysis, will be useful in alleviating the problem of instability by restoration practices and employing stormwater management plans. ; Zhang, X. More frequent and intense drought, storms, heat waves, rising sea levels, melting glaciers and warming oceans can directly harm animals, destroy the places they live, and wreak havoc on people's livelihoods and communities. From 2000 to 2010, the industrial base was improved, and vital complementary industries increased and showed similar characteristics. See further details. interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. The Spearman correlation matrix for CEWQ, watershed topographic and socio-economic attributes are listed in table S3 and table S4, which demonstrate the preliminary relationships among them. The negative associations of GDP with P (P, DOC) and P (P, turbidity) may be due to conservative efforts at the catchment and buffer scales due to higher development in the region [60], or it may be a consequence of sedimentation of DOC to particulate organic matters, which reduces the DOC concentration in surface waters [61]. These energy inputs heat up the land surface, which may increase water temperature due to heat transfer via land runoff from the catchment (especially paved areas) to surface waters [39, 40]. Landforms might include physical features like mountains or oceans. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. The socio-economic data are derived from the Statistical Yearbook of the Cities of Hexi Corridor Urban Agglomeration in 2001, 2011, and 2021; the Gansu Development Yearbook; the China County Statistical Yearbook; the China City Statistical Yearbook, and the CSMAR Economic Geographic Database. The above discussion shows that the response of the precipitation elasticity of water quality parameters to topographic and socio-economic, secondary determining factors, is simple. Summary. Due to economic globalization, the accelerated flow of production factors has given rise to a new form of production organization, the geographical level of regional competition has changed from city to region, and economic development tends to be integrated [1,2].As essential support for the unimpeded and revitalized Silk Road Economic Belt, the Hexi Corridor city Latest answer posted February 06, 2009 at 2:38:21 PM, Latest answer posted August 21, 2016 at 4:06:36 PM. Area development model construction. Fukushima et al. P-fertilizer has a positive coefficient for P (P, temperature). In comparison to Cwa, a subclass of temperate (C), Cfa and Cfb have higher contents of NO3-F, which may be due to climatic conditions that favor leaching of nitrogen from soil with time [75, 76], or irrigation tailwater discharge from conventional farming that favors the release of nitrate contents to waterbodies in the vicinity [56]. A high concentration of sediment load can be modulated via investment in conservative efforts and treatment facilities at catchment scale. There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. High-speed rail network and urban agglomeration economies: Research from the perspective of urban network externalities. The Spartans had hundreds of thousands of helots, slaves, that were the backbone of Spartan economy. Runoff coefficient data was assigned to different watersheds based on climatic class. Liu, H.-Y. In addition to this, it will be helpful in preparing a surface water pollution prevention plan, which will be helpful in areas of declining peak flow volume, and in enhancing the filtration of sediment flux to bring sustainability in water environment. Wind and air masses. Figure 1. An economic tie network-structure analysis of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Changjiang River based on SNA. Figure 2. 51509061), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. Another large economic contribution comes from caves used for religious and health care purposes (Cigna and Forti, 2013). Land. Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, and Zhangye, as multicultural heritage clusters, show regional solid competitive advantages and potential in cultural tourism, environment, and public service facilities. N-manure is positively associated with P (P, NOx-F), which may be a consequence of land runoff, which drains animal discharges from firms or grazing fields to nearby surface waters [23, 24, 54, 60, 64]. As altitude increases, the amount of gas molecules in the air decreasesthe air becomes less dense than air nearer to sea level. ; Wang, L.-C.; Li, Q.-G.; Yan, C.-X. Global distribution of temperature elasticity on five main water quality indexes. The vulnerability of karst and caves mechanisms, impacts on Karst and caves are extremely fragile environments and they are affected by specific hazards and impacts, largely related to their Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. Climatic factors such as light, water, and rainfall, temperature, air, relative humidity and wind also affect farming in various ways. The important geographical factors on the social and political development of Greece are the seas and mountains. Measurement of the network connectivity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from the perspective of urban flow. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. In the current study, the principle aim is to uncover the influence of watershed topographic and socio-economic attributes on the climate sensitivity of river water quality based on a global analysis. Humans and wild animals face new challenges for survival because of climate change. ; Zhu, Y.-F.; Zhou, W.-X. Zheng, W.; Xu, W.-L.; Chen, Y. shape of the land (known as 'relief' or 'topography'). The concentration of DOC is higher in the above-stated climatic types, which may be due to higher anthropogenic activity and a high rate of decomposition due to elevated temperature [45]. eNotes Editorial, 15 Dec. 2015, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/how-did-geography-topography-affect-greek-economic-110793. The results implied that watersheds with lower runoff coefficient, thick population density, over fertilization and manure application face a higher risk of instability. Transportation, warehousing, and postal services; 7. wholesale and retail trade; 8. finance industry; 9. real estate industry; 10. education; 11. health, social insurance, and social welfare; 12. culture, sports, and entertainment; 13. scientific research, technical services, and geological survey; 14. accommodation and catering industry; 15. information transmission, computer, service, and software industries; 16. leasing and commercial services; 17. water, environmental, and public utility management; 18. residential services, repairs, and other services, The proportion of the value added by the secondary industry in GDP, The proportion of the value added by the tertiary industry in GDP, Per capita savings balance at the end of the year, Transportation, warehousing, and postal industry added value, Science, education, culture and health services, Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, Health, social insurance, and social welfare, Electricity, gas, and water production and supply industries, Scientific research, technical services, and geological surveys, Transportation, warehousing, and postal services, Information transmission, computers, services, and software, Water conservancy, environment, and public facilities management, Resident services, repairs, and other services. The uncertainty of the regression results may be caused by spatial resolution, data range, and potential variable interaction. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. What topography is formed in divergent boundary? Learn More . Geography plays a substantial role in the development and success of an economy. Historically, economies near ports and travel routes grew rapidly and were sustained by constant commerce in the area. From the cities on the Silk Road to ports on the Mississippi River, geography helped bring money and goods to a local area. In California, winds off the Pacific ocean carry moisture-laden air toward the coast. ; Wu, K. Evolution of industrial investment network in the central core area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei under the background of functional decentralization. Table 1. Precious metals were mined from the mountains that could be used for trade. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Geography was a major factor in Rome's early development. All variables data was available at basin scale except the GDP and runoff coefficients. Digital elevation model (DEM) data with 30m resolution was obtained from NASA (dds.cr.usgs.gov/srtm/version2_1/). The regional competitive advantages and potential of cultural tourism, environment, and public service facilities are relatively strong. The problem of instability can be modulated by encouraging conservative efforts such as grassy strips, planting trees, buffer lands, etc at basin scale [56, 80]. The concentration of orthophosphate is highly dependent on point source pollution (phosphorous related industries) rather than watershed characteristics [18]. Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Old-Growth Forests in Urban Nature Reserves: Balancing Risks for Visitors and Biodiversity Protection in Warsaw, Poland, Analysis of Interrelations Structure in Agro-Systems Using the Factor Analysis Technique (FA), https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/left-Ticket/init, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, 1. Blasi, S.; Ganzaroli, A.; De Noni, I. Smartening sustainable development in cities: Strengthening the theoretical linkage between smart cities and SDGs. There are basically two geographical features of Greece that had a profound effect on how Greeks lived. Impacts. ; LV, R.; Zhang, X.-B. "Dynamic Evolution and Collaborative Development Model of Urban Agglomeration in Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Economic Flow" Land 12, no. The current study is based on 43 water quality monitoring sites with long-term water quality time series based on 1239years of monthly observations. Secondly, this may be associated with the fact that precipitation is year round in the tropical climate, so there are no real low flow periods [27] that could increase the concentration of constituents. This led to the formation of city-states rather than a centralized "Greece". While they all share mountains as a basic geographic characteristic, they also have differences. Watershed topography, such as catchment area and slope, is an important element that affects surface waters and basin hydrology [1518]. Mountain ranges are natural barriers to air movement. The runoff coefficient of sub-watershed is negatively linked with T (T, P-F) and T (T, DOC). How does topography affect population distribution? Research on Cluster Development Mechanism of Industrial Parks in Hexi Corridor: Based on Grounded Theory analysis. [1] There are four branches of economic geography. Latitude. Betweenness centrality (BC) measures the medium function of node connections. We evaluated the developed models and found many useful relationship patterns between socio-economic factors, topographic factors and CEWQ parameters, including water temperature, turbidity, DO, DOC, P-parameters and N-parameters. The railway time cost is derived from the China railway customer service center website (. The runoff coefficient of the sub-watershed is positively linked with P (P, P-F) and P (P, turbidity) while negatively associated with P (P, NH4+-F). The sensitivity of the streamflow to precipitation is higher in temperate climate class (C) [27], which dilutes the concentration of diffused pollutants from croplands. The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. (5) The structure of JiuquanJiayuguanZhangye and JinchangWuwei subgroups is close. Africa has eight major physical regions: the Sahara, the Sahel, the Ethiopian Research on the Evolution Characteristics and Synergistic Relationship between HSR Network and Economic Network in Hubei Province. Chang (2008) found that slopes act as a sink for suspended solid, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) parameters [16]. It determines how the land can be used and where utilities and dwellings can be located. The concept of bivariate elasticity was introduced by Jiang et al (2014) in order to measure the response of water quality parameters to precipitation and temperature [28]. Large global datasets were used for 12 main water quality parameters from 43 water quality monitoring stations located at large major rivers. So, feel free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the questions you are interested in! Greece's topography was more important to its political and social development. (4) Based on geographical proximity, the one axis, four circles, multiple points, and multiple channels synergistic development model, which breaks administrative barriers, becomes the endogenous driving force for the evolution of the economic network. When topography comes into play, weather scenarios deviate from that rule. Yang, L.-J. Large bodies of water, such as oceans, seas and large lakes, can affect the climate of an area. The processes that create topography are usually geologic in nature; e.g. Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online. This enabled the Spartan citizens to train in the art of battle. Economic Network and Economic growth of Urban Agglomeration: A Study based on Big data and network analysis method. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns. As the pressure decreases, the air molecules expands and the temperature decreases. Additional support was provided by the Southern University of Science and Technology (No. The impact of fertilizer application and socio-economic features on surface water quality vary by watershed. Elevation. Streamflow sensitivity to precipitation is higher in temperate climate class (C) [27], which sweeps fertilizers to waterbodies in the vicinity. As air rises, it also cools. Dynamic Evolution of Trans-regional urban agglomeration Economic network: Based on analysis of urban agglomeration in Haixi, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. Development can be defined as improving the welfare of a society through appropriate social, political, and economic conditions. GDP data was obtained from the World Bank (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG). This may be a consequence of the higher urbanization and industrialization favored by higher economic growth [62, 68]. Water quality records were obtained from United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/Global Environment Monitoring System (GEMS)/Water (www.gemstat.org) apart from for the MurrayDarling River in Australia (www.epa.sa.gov.au). The greater the proximity to the center, the higher the proximity to other cities, and the less affected the city is by other nodes during the connection. Now, we have got the complete detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested! The present method has a limitation due to the unavailability of monthly data for GDP at the sub-watershed scale. ; Wei, W. Urban competition and cooperation in Hexi Corridor based on niche theory. How was citizenship connected to the Greek polis? The higher up you are, the colder and drier it will be. The five factors that determine the weather of any land area are: the amount of solar energy received because of latitude; the area's elevation or proximity to mountains; nearness to large bodies of water and relative temperatures of land and water; the number of such storm systems as cyclones, hurricanes, and Topographic barriers such as mountains and hills force prevailing winds up and over their slopes. Li, J.; Qian, Y.; Zeng, J.; Yin, F.; Zhu, L.; Guang, X. correlation analysis) were formerly reported by [28]. The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. (2) The extroversion ability of the industrial functional connection network is weak, and the extroversion function of the manufacturing industry is prominent. GDP positively favors P (P, P-UF), which might be linked with urbanization. Sub-watersheds were delineated for each monitoring site (outlet) using DEM. Wang, X.-Y. the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, geoparks. The expected outcomes are quantitative and qualitative improvements in human capital (e.g. Water heats and cools more slowly than landmasses. (3) The primary industrys industrial core backbone connection axis is mainly based on the closed triangular connection between Jiuquan, Zhangye, and Jinchang. P-F and DOC are abundant in tropical (A), arid (B) and temperate (C) climate waterbodies. The Greeks utilized the seas around their land to great advantage. It depends on how close or how far it is to the equator. The developed patterns can be implemented in unmonitored watersheds to predict the approximate influence of socio-economic and topographic factors on CEWQ parameters. Citation Afed U Khan et al 2017 Environ. Latest answer posted November 18, 2019 at 4:26:56 AM. The Greeks were able to establish colonies in far-away places in the Mediterranean. 2: 274. Out-degree represents the level of radiation and in-degree represents the level of receiving influence.

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