With a peak of 50,000 during the mid-1960s, Uruguay has the world's highest rate of aliyah as a percentage of the Jewish population. [128][129] Most of the electricity comes from hydroelectric facilities and wind parks. WebUruguayans ( Spanish: uruguayos) are people identified with the country of Uruguay, through citizenship or descent. [83] A rivalry between the port of Montevideo and the port of Buenos Aires, dating back to the times of the Spanish Empire, has been described as a "port war". [172] Its national team qualified for the Basketball World Cup 7 times, more often than other countries in South America, except Brazil and Argentina. (2011). [44] In 1933, Terra organized a coup d'tat, dissolving the General Assembly and governing by decree. Lessa, F. and Druliolle, V. He was president of the Uruguay Montevideo Mission from 2016 to 2019. [16] It ranks high on global measures of personal rights, tolerance, and inclusion issues,[17] including its acceptance of the LGBT community. [42] The economy reflected a steep upswing (if demonstrated graphically, above all other related economic determinants), in livestock raising and exports. Uruguay declared independence in 1825 and then secured independence in 1828 following a three-year conflict with Brazil and the dissolution of its federation with Argentina. [73], The judicial arm is exercised by the Supreme Court, the Bench and Judges nationwide. [34] The nation's first constitution was adopted on 18 July 1830.[32]. Mission President. [25], Tango has also affected Uruguayan culture, especially during the 20th century, particularly the '30s and '40s with Uruguayan singers such as Julio Sosa from Las Piedras. [32] Following the referendum, the armed forces announced a plan for the return to civilian rule, and national elections were held in 1984. Seasonal variations are pronounced, but extremes in temperature are rare. [55], In 2009, Jos Mujica, a former left-wing guerrilla leader (Tupamaros) who spent almost 15 years in prison during the country's military rule, emerged as the new president as the Broad Front won the election for a second time. [53] Uruguay terminated the agreement in 2006 following the early repayment of its debt but maintained a number of the policy commitments. [152], Uruguay is part of the One Laptop per Child project, and in 2009 became the first country in the world to provide a laptop for every primary school student,[154] as part of the Plan Ceibal. [99] The economy grew at an annual rate of 6.7% during the 20042008 period. [66] According to the Kppen Climate Classification, most of the country has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa). The 19th-century painter Juan Manuel Blanes, whose works depict historical events, was the first Uruguayan artist to gain widespread recognition. [24] Since bilateral relations with Argentina are considered a priority, Uruguay denies clearance to British naval vessels bound for the Falkland Islands, and prevents them from calling in at Uruguayan territories and ports for supplies and fuel. [23], In Spanish colonial times, and for some time thereafter, Uruguay and some neighboring territories were called Banda Oriental [del Uruguay] ("Eastern Bank [of the Uruguay River]"), then for a few years the "Eastern Province". Uruguay Members 102999 Congregations 143 Missions 2 Family History Centers [132] Elder Olsen is from Provo, Utah. [41] During this authoritarian period, the government took steps toward the organization of the country as a modern state, encouraging its economic and social transformation. In exchange, those receiving the benefits were required to participate in community work, ensure that their children attended school daily, and had regular health check-ups. Less successfully, they introduced rugby and cricket. Those guests may organize custom tours through the Destination Services Desk on board. No political party won a majority in parliament, but the ruling party formed a coalition to pass legislation. [25], Abstract painter and sculptor Carlos Pez Vilar was a prominent Uruguayan artist. [155], Uruguayan culture is strongly European and its influences from southern Europe are particularly important. Their names and assignments are listed below. The dialect was spoken mainly in the Colonia Department, where the first pilgrims settled, in the city called La Paz. The official racial term on the Uruguayan census is "amarilla" or "yellow" in English, which refers to people of East Asian descent. [138], Uruguay has no official religion; church and state are officially separated,[32] and religious freedom is guaranteed. [18] The country has legalized cannabis, same-sex marriage, prostitution and abortion. At the other extreme, 38% of farmers exploit small lots and have herds averaging below one hundred head. [136] 50% of new legal residents come from Argentina and Brazil. [122] Most of the country's domestic freight and passenger service is by road rather than rail. However, the economy did not improve and deteriorated after 1980, the GDP fell by 20% and unemployment rose to 17%. Uruguay is ranked first in Latin America in democracy, peace, low perception of corruption,[12] and e-government. WebUruguay - Uruguay - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news - Soccerway. Ryan K. Olsen Region. However, it is officially translated either as the "Oriental Republic of Uruguay"[24][25] or the "Eastern Republic of Uruguay". 3,825 residence permits were awarded in 2009, compared with 1,216 in 2005. [162] Consequently, Montevideo's newspapers, which account for all of Uruguay's principal daily newspapers, greatly expanded their circulations. Uruguay is the only country in South America situated entirely south of the Tropic of Capricorn. Download chapter PDF. [65], Located entirely within the southern temperate zone, Uruguay has a climate that is relatively mild and fairly uniform nationwide. [111], According to FAOSTAT, Uruguay is one of the world's largest producers of soybeans (9th), wool (12th), horse meat (14th), beeswax (14th), and quinces (17th). [36] The besieged Uruguayans called on resident foreigners for help, which led to a French and an Italian legion being formed, the latter led by the exiled Giuseppe Garibaldi. [151], In 2001, Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU) was recognized as an official language of Uruguay under Law 17.378. The first Sanguinetti administration implemented economic reforms and consolidated democracy following the country's years under military rule.[32]. On 15 June 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew President Oribe, who fled to Argentina. Uruguay extendi la emergencia agropecuaria hasta fines de abril y agreg ms rubros productivos La medida incluye prstamos blandos, aplazamientos de impuestos y rebaja en tarifas de servicios It has a South Atlantic Ocean coastline and lies between Argentina to the west and Brazil to the north. The rest of the urban population lives in about 30 towns. The country experiences the four seasons, with summer being from December to March and winter from June to September. The growth, use, and sale of cannabis was legalized on 11 December 2013,[110] making Uruguay the first country in the world to fully legalize marijuana. [25] People of African descent make up an even smaller proportion of the total. Montevideo, the country's capital, houses the most diverse selection of cultural activities. [77][78] However, in the 2004 Uruguayan general election, the Broad Front won an absolute majority in Parliamentary elections, and in 2009, Jos Mujica of the Broad Front defeated Luis Alberto Lacalle of the Blancos to win the presidency. It is among the most famous and recognizable tangos of all time. Progressive, stable, safe and culturally sophisticated, Uruguay offers visitors opportunities to experience everyday not made for tourists moments, whether The Mansa is more suited for sunbathing, snorkeling, & other low-key recreational opportunities, while the Brava is more suited for adventurous sports, such as surfing. [43] The following year, the Blancos led a rural revolt and eight bloody months of fighting ensued before their leader, Aparicio Saravia, was killed in battle. WebUruguay. Brazil and Uruguay have signed cooperation agreements on defence, science, technology, energy, river transportation and fishing, with the hope of accelerating political and economic integration between these two neighbouring countries. The country name of Uruguay derives from the namesake Ro Uruguay, from the Indigenous Guaran language. [73] The departmental executive authority resides in a superintendent and the legislative authority in a departmental board. The area that became Uruguay was first inhabited by groups of huntergatherers 13,000 years ago. It is part of the Southern Cone region of South America. There are several interpretations, including "bird-river" ("the river of the ur", via Charruan, ur being a common noun of any wild fowl). [47] Most were killed in Argentina and other neighboring countries, with 36 of them having been killed in Uruguay. Uruguay (officially Oriental Republic of Uruguay) is a country in South America. [24] Until 1947, about 90% of the railroad system was British-owned. [84], Construction of a controversial pulp paper mill in 2007, on the Uruguayan side of the Uruguay River, caused protests in Argentina over fears that it would pollute the environment and lead to diplomatic tensions between the two countries. Covering an area of 176,000 sq.km, Uruguay is South America's 2nd smallest nation. Contents 1 Native 2 Colonization 3 Struggle for independence, 18111828 Spain's High Court has approved the extradition to Uruguay of a doctor accused of helping the military torture dissidents during the right-wing military dictatorship in the 1970s, the court said on Monday. Most Uruguayans of European ancestry are descendants of 19th and 20th century immigrants from Spain and Italy,[32] and to a lesser degree Germany, France and Britain. The system is government owned, and there have been controversial proposals to partially privatize since the 1990s.[126]. manufacturing plant. Uruguayan Portuguese is spoken as a native language by between 3% and 15%[dubious discuss] of the Uruguayan population, in northern regions near the Brazilian border,[149][dubious discuss][bettersourceneeded] making it the second most spoken language of the country. To the southwest is the Ro de la Plata, the estuary of the Uruguay River (which river forms the country's western border). Both summer and winter weather may vary from day to day with the passing of storm fronts, where a hot northerly wind may occasionally be followed by a cold wind (pampero) from the Argentine Pampas.[25]. [25] In 2017 the average total fertility rate (TFR) across Uruguay was 1.70 children born per woman, below the replacement rate of 2.1, it remains considerably below the high of 5.76 children born per woman in 1882. Uruguay has by far the smallest population of any country that has won a World Cup. He has been serving as a member of the Twelfth Quorum of the Seventy in the Utah Area. Typical dishes include: "Asado uruguayo" (big grill or barbecue of all types of meat), roasted lamb, Chivito (sandwich containing thin grilled beef, lettuce, tomatoes, fried egg, ham, olives and others, and served with French fries), Milanesa (a kind of fried breaded beef), tortellini, spaghetti, gnocchi, ravioli, rice and vegetables. [32] The CIA-backed campaign of political repression and state terror involving intelligence operations and assassination of opponents was called Operation Condor. [30][31] The Spanish arrived in present-day Uruguay in 1516. He has worked as an attorney and business executive. [44], In 1938, general elections were held and Terra's brother-in-law, General Alfredo Baldomir, was elected president. Its beaches are divided into Mansa, or tame (river) side and Brava, or rugged (ocean) side. Folk music is called canto popular and includes some guitar players and singers such as Alfredo Zitarrosa, Jos Carbajal "El Sabalero", Daniel Viglietti, Los Olimareos, and Numa Moraes. [90], On 15 March 2011, Uruguay became the seventh South American nation to officially recognize a Palestinian state,[91] although there was no specification for the Palestinian state's borders as part of the recognition. [39], This establishment of the policy of co-participation represented the search for a new formula of compromise, based on the coexistence of the party in power and the party in opposition.[39]. As a result, many Uruguayans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship and their allegiance to Uruguay. Another spoken dialect was the Patois, which is an Occitan dialect. [119][120], The Punta del Este International Airport, located 15 kilometres (9.3mi) from Punta del Este in the Maldonado Department, is the second busiest air terminal in Uruguay, built by the Uruguayan architect Carlos Ott it was inaugurated in 1997.[116]. [32] Armed forces personnel number about 14,000 for the Army, 6,000 for the Navy, and 3,000 for the Air Force. [43] Batlle had two terms (190307 and 191115) during which, taking advantage of the nation's stability and growing economic prosperity, he instituted major reforms, such as a welfare program, government participation in many facets of the economy, and a plural executive. Daily meals vary between meats, pasta of all types, rice, sweet desserts and others. Wedged like a grape between Brazils gargantuan thumb and Argentinas long forefinger, Uruguay has always been something of an underdog. Uruguayan food culture comes mostly from the European cuisine culture. The military government persecuted leftists, socialists, and political opponents, resulting in deaths and numerous instances of torture by the military; the military relinquished power to a civilian government in 1985. [105] Uruguay was ranked 65th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021, down from 62nd in 2019.[106][107][108][109]. [162], State-run radio and TV are operated by the official broadcasting service SODRE. Keith M. Dunford, 61, and Lori B. Dunford, eight children, Snowflake 9th Ward, Snowflake Arizona Stake: Uruguay Montevideo West Mission, succeeding President Ryan K. Olsen and Sister Julie Olsen. The siege of Montevideo was lifted and the Guerra Grande finally came to an end. Uruguay won its independence between 1811 and 1828, following a four-way struggle between Portugal and Spain, and later Argentina and Brazil. Patois speakers arrived to Uruguay from the Piedmont. [37], The first railway line was assembled in Uruguay in 1867 with the opening of a branch consisting of a horse-drawn train. [32] In December 2010, Uruguayan Major General Gloodtdofsky, was appointed Chief Military Observer and head of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan. [25] The book continues to influence young writers. Those guests may organize custom tours through the Destination Services Desk on board. [25] Besides stressing the importance of upholding spiritual over materialistic values, it also stresses resisting cultural dominance by Europe and the United States. [24] Official statistics from Uruguay's Agriculture and Livestock Ministry indicate that meat and sheep farming in Uruguay occupies 59.6% of the land. Other typical desserts include the Pastafrola (a type of cake filled with quince jelly), Chaj (meringue, sponge cake, whipped cream and fruits, typically peaches and strawberries are added). This includes the new Rwanda Kigali and Hawaii Laie missions. Besides football, the most popular sport in Uruguay is basketball. [74][75] Many of its provisions were suspended in 1973, but re-established in 1985. [100] Uruguay's exports markets have been diversified to reduce dependency on Argentina and Brazil. [62], With 176,214km2 (68,037sqmi) of continental land and 142,199km2 (54,903sqmi) of jurisdictional water and small river islands,[63] Uruguay is the second smallest sovereign nation in South America (after Suriname) and the third smallest territory (French Guiana is the smallest). [73] The Executive Power is exercised by the president and a cabinet of 13 ministers. Numerous radio stations and musical events reflect the popularity of rock music and the Caribbean genres, known as msica tropical ("tropical music"). [167] Uruguay has won the Copa Amrica (an international tournament for South American nations and guests) 15 times, such as Argentina, the last one in 2011. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentine liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine ruler Manuel de Rosas. The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and amnesty for human rights abusers was endorsed by referendum. [161] Freedom of speech and media are guaranteed by the constitution, with qualifications for inciting violence or "insulting the nation". [111] Beef is the main export commodity of the country, totaling over US$1billion in 2006. [11] It is estimated that at the time of the first contact with Europeans in the 16th century there were about 9,000 Charra and 6,000 Chan and some Guaran island-settlements. [45] Although Baldomir declared Uruguay neutral in 1939, British warships and the German ship Admiral Graf Spee fought a battle not far off Uruguay's coast. Military rule. [ 126 ] Colorado leader Rivera overthrew president Oribe, who fled to.... 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